Camshaft adjustment refers to the ability to alter the timing of the camshaft in relation to the crankshaft in an engine. This adjustment can be made either mechanically or electronically and is used to optimize engine performance and fuel efficiency. By adjusting the camshaft timing, the engine can achieve better power delivery, improved fuel economy, and reduced emissions. This adjustment is often used in variable valve timing systems to optimize engine performance across different operating conditions. **

The camshaft is typically driven by the crankshaft through a timing belt or timing chain. The timing belt or chain is connected to both the crankshaft and the camshaft, ensuring that they rotate in sync with each other. This synchronization is crucial for the proper opening and closing of the engine's intake and exhaust valves. In some engines, the camshaft may also be driven by gears or a combination of gears and chains. **

Driving with a broken camshaft adjuster is not recommended as it can cause serious damage to the engine. The camshaft adjuster is responsible for controlling the timing of the engine's valves, so if it is broken, the engine may not run properly or could even fail completely. It is best to have the camshaft adjuster repaired or replaced before attempting to drive the vehicle to avoid further damage. **

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The camshaft is not driven by a gearbox because it needs to maintain a direct and synchronized relationship with the crankshaft to ensure precise timing of the engine's valves. If the camshaft were driven by a gearbox, there could be potential for lag or inconsistency in valve timing, which could lead to engine performance issues. By being directly connected to the crankshaft, the camshaft can accurately control the opening and closing of the valves in relation to the piston's position, ensuring optimal engine operation. **

No, a 120i camshaft cannot be installed in a 116i. The camshaft is a critical component of the engine that controls the opening and closing of the valves. Each engine model is designed with specific camshaft specifications that are optimized for its performance characteristics. Installing a camshaft from a different model can lead to compatibility issues, poor engine performance, and potential damage to the engine. It is recommended to use the correct camshaft designed for the specific engine model. **

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It is not recommended to buy a car with a faulty camshaft sensor as it can lead to various issues such as poor engine performance, stalling, and potential engine damage. Replacing a camshaft sensor can be costly and it is important to ensure the overall condition of the vehicle before making a purchase. It is advisable to have the sensor replaced or repaired before buying the car to avoid future problems and expenses. **